What causes the 1979 rice riot in Monrovia, Liberia What are the Coursework

Taxation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Tax assessment - Essay Example 50,760.34 Salary - Tax - NIC Tax sections Income 10% (beginning rate for reserve funds just) 0 - ?2,560 20% for fundamental rate 0 - ?35,000 40% for higher rate ?35,001 - ?150,000 half for extra rate Over ?150,000 (HM income and Customs 480 (2011) The obligation of annual assessment payable from the above calculation is ?25,718.3. A reasoning of individual remittance of 7,475 is made in the year 2011/2012 (Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Treasury Committee, 2011,103). This figure was expanded by ?1000 (Budget, 2011, pp.1).The National protection Contributions (NICs) are determined under the yearly sections for chiefs. This is payable by the business †Jumbo Company under the PAYE framework on the finance. The NICs is ?6,027.7. This is registered under the yearly pace of the Upper Earnings Limit (UEL) of 12% of ?42484 less ?7228 =â ?35256 and an expansion of 2% of the sum surpassing this figure. The organization is at risk to pay this measure of ?6,027.7 to the expen se specialists. Question 2 Value of available advantages in kind Car (see informative supplement) (10% * ?33,464.19) ?3,464.19 Fuel for vehicle ?20,000 Accommodation (higher of 75,000 at the pace of 4.75%) (3,000,000-75,000) * 4.75% (Malcolm, 2010, 435) ?138,937.5 House advantage ?15,000 Private wellbeing ?3,000 Use of furniture ?35,000 ?215,401.69 NICs Class 1A on benefits (13.8% * ?215,401.69) ?29, 725.4 Section 114, 149, 174 of HM income and customs in the United Kingdom clarifies that benefits in kind including vehicles for private use, motivators and so forth given to executives are charged at unique rates. Despite the fact that they don't qualify as individual employee’s pay, they are imposed for charge purposes. They are imposed for annual duty at ordinary expense sections rates and the conclusion for NICs Class 1A is determined at a higher pace of 13.8 % of the complete estimation of advantages. Area 201(2) of HMRC gives a rundown of the advantages that are subject fo r charge purposes. House advantage is taken as the figure of rateable lease payable of that house or the yearly sum given. A vehicle purchased by the organization is esteemed as advantage for the business when it is utilized for part or full time use by the executive. For our situation, the vehicle is for fulltime use. The Co2 outflow is 119g/km thus it is subject for an advantage of 10% of its expense as per HMRC charge guidelines for example it lies under the class of under 12og/km Co2 outflows. Fuel advantage is taken for the bit utilized for private purposes. A supposition that is made at a figure of ?20,000 fuel utilization. The entire sum is an advantage in kind obligated for charge calculation purposes. In the event that the business buys the director’s house, the main permissible sum not obligated for charge is a price tag underneath ?75,000. The arrangement of convenience advantage is taken at a pace of 4.75% of the figure over ?75,000. The expense of this house is ? 3,000,000. The main sum at risk is ?2,925,000 as an additional charge for convenience. The all out advantage is subsequently ?138, 937.5. Utilization of furniture is blessing or an additional profit by the business. The entire sum is at risk for charge calculation under area 201 (2) HMRC. This is an additional cost borne by the business †Jumbo Company for the chief. Commitment by the business to private clinical plans for the chief is an advantage in kind at risk for tax assessment. It is taken as the entire sum paid to the plan for the executive. (Place of Commons †Spending Review Committee, 2010, pp. 1) Income charge payable by Mr. Jedward for year 2011/2012 Salary ?89, 011 Total advantages in kind ?215,401.69 Income ?304,412.69

Analytical Framework for Choosing the Right Investor

Analytical Framework for Choosing the Right Investor As an entrepreneur, you might find the whole idea of finding financing for your business as a necessary evil. Finding an investor isn’t an easy thing to do in the first place and ensuring your investor is a good one might sound like a step too far.But it is important to take your time and make sure you don’t just find an investor, but the right investor for your business. This guide will help you choose the right investor by focusing on the key points of selecting investors. You’ll learn to find the right financing option, define your financing needs and discuss your business values and goals with the potential investor.FIND THE RIGHT FINANCING OPTIONThe most important thing to understand first are the different financing options. Many entrepreneurs make the mistake of taking whatever money they are offered, without thinking whether the financing option is good for the specific business.Depending on your business model and the industry you work in, certain financing options can be more beneficial than others. As well as ensuring your company is attractive to investors, you also need to make sure you are looking for the right type of financing.The most common financing optionsFirst, let’s look at the most common external financing options.Private equity â€" Private equity covers most investment types, which are made by private individuals or privat ely owned institutions. Private equity is often considered the best financing option for established companies, although you could attract this type of financing even as a start-up. Private equity financing is often provided for buying a company, funding a specific project or simply for making a private investment.Venture capital â€" Venture capital on the other hand is mainly designed to finance start-ups. Venture capital is a good financing option for new businesses, which have high-growth potential. VCs don’t only provide financing, but can also provide the business assistance in running the business.Angel investing â€" Angel investors are people with high net worth and who are looking to finance companies as private investment opportunity. The investors are often focused on helping out start-ups and can provide crucial mentoring opportunities for entrepreneurs. Angel investing is often different to venture capital in terms of ticket size. Angels tend to invest smaller sums as they are making the investment as individuals.The above three financing options can sometimes be divided into seed funding and venture capital. Seed funding refers to smaller investments individuals or investment entities make and are often a big part of the early funding for start-ups. As the company matures and develops, it is generally more able to attract venture capitalists and eventually even private equity.You can learn more about those financing options from the US Small Business Administration guide.Other financing optionsDepending on your business, you might also want to consider other financing alternatives:Friends and family â€" Friends and family are typically an option for financing at the earliest stage of setting up a business. This ‘investor group’ is not particularly interested in your business development and might not have any industry expertise. The funding tends to be relatively small and terms might be more than beneficial to you.  You should remember that using your friends and family’s money for financing your business is not always straightforward. It could potentially be problematic, if things don’t turn out good. So, be sure the option is right for you and your business.Loans â€" you could also gain financing by loaning money from different entities. The most common options include:Government agenciesCommercial banksAll of the above options have their pros and cons. Before you start looking for the investor, it is a good idea to make sure you understand all of these options. You can then ensure you narrow your research to investors who can provide the most benefit for your business and who are most likely interested in investing in your business. DEFINE WHAT YOU NEED FROM THE INVESTOROnce you are aware of the different funding options to be offered, you can start analyzing what you are looking for from the investor. While this also deals with the actual amount of capital you are looking for, it also deals with more in-depth requirements.First, lets look at the things you should consider when you are outlining your financing needs. Afterwards, you can read about the signs of a good investor.Things to considerStart outlining your investor needs by figuring out the most important aspect: how much money you need. You are much more likely to accept the right type of investor when you know what you’d like them to invest.It is essential to have a figure in mind because you don’t want to accept an investment offer that simply doesn’t meet your demands. You also need to be wary of accepting more than you need â€" the money rarely comes without a bigger stake in your business.There are further things you must consider as well. A good approach to figuring out your requirements is by asking the following questions:How involved do you want the investor to be? If you are experienced and your business has been operating for a while, you might not be looking for anything other than the capital. On the other hand , if you are a start-up, further business mentoring and assistance might be more than welcomed. Certain angel investors, for example, can provide limited help from dealing with business finances to gaining further financing. If you feel you require a lot of help from your investor, not just in terms of funding, be clear and upfront about it. You also don’t want to select an investor who is going to dedicate much of his time for you, if you aren’t interested in this advice.Are you looking for a specialist? You also need to consider whether you are looking for simple financing or an investment specialist. For example, you might find seed funding a better alternative if you are looking for capital to boost your growth. On the other hand, if you are a new start-up, you might benefit more from having a start-up specialist invest in your company. Essentially, this comes down to whether you are looking for involvement or simple cold, hard cash.Should the investor have a background in y our business? For a new entrepreneur, setting up a business in a relatively unknown field, a seasoned professional can be a better alternative to an all-round investor. If you want expert insights, then picking an investor who has background in your industry is a good option.What are the problems you want to solve? You also need to think about why you are looking for financing in the first place. Start-ups shouldn’t seek for investments just for the sake of it. Therefore, you must clearly define the problems you like the investor to help you solve.The signs of a good investorWhile your specific needs will be key to defining what a good investor is for your business, there are certain qualities you want to keep in mind. These can help you better understand your options and ensure you focus your attention on the points that matter most to you and your business.Reputation.  First, you want to focus on the reputation of the investor. It might seem vain, but it does make a big differen ce. An investor with a good reputation can provide your business future contacts and a certain standing in the industry, as well as financing.A reputable investor or investment company can help make future financing a lot easier to obtain. In addition, the investor has most likely not gained the reputation by being bad at what he or she does. Therefore, you can know what you are getting with a reputable investor.Track record.  Even if you are looking for a less established investor, you still want to look at their track record. You want to see whether the investor has done similar deals in the past and analyze how successful these have been. Keep in mind the investor is not the sole reason a business might have failed, but if their portfolio only has companies, which have failed, you should start asking questions.Furthermore, don’t just look at success, but focus on finding investors with a track record in companies such as your own. Even though an investor might have had successe s building up pharmaceutical companies, your clothing business might not benefit much from their expertise.Resources.  Talking about money can be the hardest things for many new entrepreneurs, but you need to learn to do so, if you want to save your time. Don’t spend an eternity talking to an investor before you’ve gotten the big question out of the way: the resources.You must be clear about your investment needs â€" how much capital are you looking to raise, for instance. In addition, you should have a discussion regarding future funding. You want to know whether the investor is able to back you with additional funding as your business grows.Industry expertise.  As mentioned before, the investor’s industry expertise can be crucial. The expertise isn’t just about mentoring you and ensuring your business strategies are aligned with the current industry climate. An expert in your industry can also provide you with more contacts, which can boost your business success.Attracting an industry expert can also provide more credibility to your business. Even if you are dealing with a less established investor, the expertise and knowledge they have about your industry can be worth more than attracting a more reputable investor.Personal relationship with you.  Finally, a good investor will need to be able to have a great working relationship with you. The importance naturally depends on how much involvement you require from the investor; if you don’t want them too involved, your personal relationship doesn’t need to be as close, as with someone with a more hands-on approach.The most important thing is that you can trust your investor and your investor trusts you. The early stages of starting a business can be quite daunting and you need to have an investor who you can rely on. This also means that you need someone who will tell you the truth, even if you don’t want to hear it.DISCUSS CORE VALUES AND STRATEGIES WITH THE INVESTORAt the final stage of selectin g the right investor, you need to go through the values and strategies your business has. It is important these values and strategies align with the investor’s own approach to your company. This ensures you are both on the same page, in terms of where the business is heading and the way it wants to achieve these goals.Below are some of the key questions you need to discuss with the investor in order to determine your values and align strategies.What is the timeline for the investment?Different investors have very different investment strategies. Many venture capitalists, for example, invest in the company in a relatively short-term focus and look to exit from the business as soon as it reaches its growth potential. On the other hand, some angel and private equity investors might be looking to invest in the long-term.Make sure your expectations of the investment timeline meet with the investor’s plans. The timeline does not have to deal with a single date. Instead of deciding the investment is over after two years, the timeline could be determined by a goal, such as increasing sales by 200%.Be aware that many investors face a lot of pressure to cash out of investments as soon as possible, especially when the investor or entity isn’t a private venture. Is your business able to meet the pressure? You don’t want to end up in a situation where the investor is looking towards business strategies only to pave way for their own exit.What happens when the investment ends?Your term sheet will have a certain end-date for the investment. But you want to discuss the future beyond this to ensure the end doesn’t come as a shock. Are you, for example, looking to raise more money after a certain period? Would the investor be willing to invest again or perhaps continue their involvement after you’ve paid them back?You both need to have a strategy for ending the investment and what happens after it. Discussing this through before the investment can help build trust a nd ensure you aren’t met with ugly surprises at any point.What do you consider a success?Earlier we discussed the importance of defining the problems you want the investment to solve. In addition to this, you also need to define what a successful investment would look like and see whether your definition aligns with the investor’s expectation.If you share a common goal, you are able to measure how well the investment is going, as well as align the business strategy to better meet these demands.What is the vision for the business?Your business should have a clear vision of what it wants to achieve. While you want to ensure your investor feels able to provide his or her input and expertise towards this vision, you don’t want to go with an investor who completely disagrees with you. Discussing details is good, but you should be on the same page when it comes to the broad vision for your company.If you have certain lines you aren’t willing to cross, then you want to discuss thes e before you get into an investment deal. A good investor won’t be afraid to tell you, if they disagree with you, but they will also be able to see your vision. Although you might not always agree on the path you take to get to your goals, the end goal should be commonly shared between your business and the investor.FINAL THOUGHTSWhen it comes to raising funds for your business, it can seem tempting to accept the first investor that offers you money. But finding investment isn’t just about securing capital; it is also about finding the right investor to boost your business’ prospects.The above has shown it is essential to clearly define your investment needs before you start looking for an investor. Knowing what your business is looking in an investor will help you select the right financing option and focus your search on investors that can offer you all that you require â€" not just money. Make sure to listen to your guts when choosing your investor â€" you want an investor who is as passionate about your business as you are.

Grandma Vs. Research Child And Adolescent Development

Running Head: Grandma vs. Research 1 Grandma vs. Research PSY 104: Child and Adolescent Development Instructor: Janet Stebbins Michelle Glahe April 3, 2017 Grandma vs. Research 2 Grandma’s Advice The advice you get from your grandma, grandpa or any one that is your elder, should not just be dismissed, because they have been around for many years and can be very wise about certain things. Over the years there have been many different techniques developed and tested. Previous techniques and remedies are still used today and†¦show more content†¦His psychosocial theory of development takes in consideration of the impact of external factors, the parents, and society on a personality development from childhood to adulthood. Erikson’s theory says, that every person must pass through a series of eight interrelated stages over their entire life cycle. With this theory, it is more significant to defining a child’s or an adolescent’s development since it breaks down what is going on in the different stages of their life. Depending on factors that can occur at any different time in life, not everyone will experience those same events at the same time in the ir life. This can affect the way a child develops. What makes the scholarly research different from anecdotal evidence that explains a child and adolescent development? Everyone can speak from experience of what they have encountered with their own children, but it shows that a lot of people do lots of research on the different articles that regard development issues that can accrue in children. Anecdotal evidence is only going to get people so far. As you look at scholarly articles you can see that there is many different test subjects and different outcomes from each test that is conducted. A good example is that not all medications work for someone the same way or work at all. You must read and listen to the scholarly information when trying to find what is going to work the best for them or someone Grandma vs.Show MoreRelatedWhy Is Psychology Useful?1541 Words   |  7 Pagesscience also allows people to be more successful, but it can also help people improve their health. It helps a lot of people tackle their mental illness so that they can continue living their lives. Psychological studies have also aided in drug development and the ability to diagnose various diseases (such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinsons). Psychology is extremely useful in the areas of identifying personality, behaviour in groups and relationship theories, all which are to be experienced by every individualRead MoreCultural Anthropology6441 Words   |  26 Pagesemotion John Chernoff: study of drumming in Ghana, learned to become a drummer, He had to learn about the culture and how drumming fits into it. ART: has a role of socializing children into the culture (teaches you things you should value as a child, relationships, communication of personal and group identity. Legitimize political leaders, political resistance and social change (such as graffiti) and art done during times of war. Performance Arts: music, dance, theatre, rhetoric, narrationRead Morepreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 PagesCalifornia Preschool Learning Foundations Volume 2 Visual and Performing Arts Physical Development Health Publishing Information The California Preschool Learning Foundations (Volume 2) was developed by the Child Development Division, California Department of Education. This publication was edited by Faye Ong, working in cooperation with Laura Bridges and Desiree Soto, Consultants, Child Development Division. It was designed and prepared for printing by the staff of CDE Press, with the

Autism And What It Is All About - 2623 Words

I decided to write about Autism and what it is all about. It is something that is on the rise and that is a huge part of the ECE world. Autism is a lifelong, developmental disability that affects how a person communicates and relates to other people, and how they experience the world around them. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism are both of the terms used for disorders of brain development. These disorders are different; there are different degrees to this brain development, like problems in social interactions, verbal communication, nonverbal communication, and repetitive behaviors. Autism disorders were merged into one. ASD is sometimes associated with intellectual disabilities, difficulties in motor coordination, difficulties with attention and physical health issues such as sleep like I said above and stomach issues, usually caused by anxiety due to autism. Some of the time people with autism excel in visual skills, music, math and art. The reason for these excels it bec ause children with autism are way more organized and pay attention to every detail. This topic is interesting to me because of all of the reasons it can occur I want to know more about its attributes and complications. I want to know more about autism so I can be successful in my career if I work with these children. Children with autism get stuck on one subject and they need extra time to process things, I want to know why that happens and if there are any ways to help with it. Autism statisticsShow MoreRelatedAutism Spectrum Disorder Research Paper1651 Words   |  7 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder Research Paper What is Autism Spectrum Disorder? Autism is a mental condition, present from early childhood, characterized by difficulty in communicating and forming relationships with other people and in using language and abstract concepts. Autism does not only play a role at home, but it is also important at school. 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She felt different at an early age, and only struggled more as she got older. As she got older she had to overcome the challenges that came with having ASD, such as: communication problems, speech impediments, sensitivity to loud sounds, and other sensory-related issues. Bullying was also a problem becauseRead MoreHealth Awareness Of Autism By Deron Williams1486 Words   |  6 Pagessociety is autism. Just like any disorder or disability, if one person has autism several other people, including that person, are influenced and affected by the disorder. These people mainly consist of friends and family members. One famous person that has brought public awareness of autism is Deron Williams. Deron Williams is an NBA player for the Brooklyn Nets whose son, Deron Jr, has autism. As a result of Deron Williams son having autism, Williams focuses on understanding what autism is as wellRead MoreThe Causes Of Childhood Autism1414 Words   |  6 Pagesinterested in this topic about â€Å"possible causes of childhood autism.† For example, one is because my little brother is in the process of being diagnosed with autism. Autism can mean a number of things. When people talk about autism, it can either mean autism spectrum disorder, which is a category of disorders, or classical autism ASD includes classical autism. So ASD and autism may be two different things. Autism is known as a complex developmental disability. ASD stands for Autism Spectrum Disorder andRead MoreAutism And Asperger s Syndrome965 Words   |  4 Pagesevery day. Autism and Asperger’s syndrome is just two examples of them. Not many people know what or if they have this disorder until it is properly diagnosed, each and every year. 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A History of a Modern Empire How Bill Gates Built Microsoft Free Essays

INTRODUCTION : The invention named Microsoft is found by a Harvard College Student named Bills Gates. The legender was born in a successful business family on October 28, 1955, William Henry Gates iii was his father and they were settled at Washington. Microsoft Windows Operating system was initially just an additional optional to the MS-DOS operating system. We will write a custom essay sample on A History of a Modern Empire: How Bill Gates Built Microsoft or any similar topic only for you Order Now Microsoft Corporation is a big name in the software companies. We are going to discuss some of the financial ratios with the same company for the Fiscal year 2010. The operating system of windows is one of the highly favourable systems for the users who are using personal use of computers. Microsoft Corporation is also making software for the different other applicability like Microsoft Office, Windows Media Player and Internet explorer which are generally given with the operating system itself or are solely sellable as well. That is not the end, along with that; the company is the manufacture and seller of mice, keyboards, and many other things. As per one news article, Microsoft Corp. revenue of $16.20 billion for the Sept. 30, 2010, a 25% hike from the similar period of the previous year. Operating income, net income and diluted earnings per share for the quarter were $7.12 billion, $5.41 billion and $0.62 per share, which represented increases of 59%, 51% and 55%, parallely, when matched with the previous year. The previous data showed the difference of $1.47 billion of revenue, because of the effect of $ 0.12 diluted earnings per share, which was because of Windows 7 upgrade Option program and the sale of Windows 7 to OEM s and retailers before that available generally in the year 2009. In 2010, Office 2010 is going well with the growth in revenue of 15% in first year in the market. Microsoft is looking ahead with the growth for further more with Xbox 360 with the increasing selling in the first quarter. Financial Analysis : Any firm, when starts the business, their intention is clear to make profit. Here through different ratio, we can analyse that the company is going in which direction in the future. There are different applications of the ratios for any organisation and their uses are different for the firm’s owners, employees and the public. Ratios can be classified in given main areas. 2)Liquidity based Ratio 3)Asset management ratio 4)Gearing/Financial stability ratio 5)Cash Efficiency Ratio We are going to discuss some of them below with reference to Microsoft Corporation Financial Fiscal year data for September 2010. 1) PROFITABILITY RATIO: This ratio shows company’s transfer capacity from product to its sell. It gives an overall efficiency of the company for generating the shareholders returns, so provides useful information to the company. Let us calculate formula for the same. Gross Profit Margi This is a type of profitability ratio which represents the cost of goods sold at a sales percentage. The ratio shows the control of the company over its cost of its inventory and operational costs. If the gross profit margin is bigger, it’s better for the company. The formula for Gross Profit/Net Sales For this example, its, 24098/62484 = 0.39% Net Profit Margin This ratio is used more frequently when a simple ratio analysis is used. It shows the companies income after paid off all the expenses. The calculation for net profit margin is: Net Income/Net Sales For this example, its, 18760/62484 = 3.00% Return on Equity: This ratio seems to be the main one for the all financial ratios for the investors of the company. It provides the return on the investors money invested in the company. Thus can be decisive for the investors whether to invest or not. The calculation for the company is: Net Income/Stockholder’s Equity 18760/46175 = 0.41% Current Ratio: This ratio shows the balance changes that the net working capital ratio will not be able to show with reference to the assets against the current liabilities. The formula for the same is : Current Assets/Current Liabilities 55676/26147 = 2.13% It discloses the business ability of the company, but it should be supported with the other ratios as below. Quick Ratio (Acid Test Ratio): This ratio is very useful for the company as it shows that how quick company can convert their current assets into the cash. This shows the current company’s sufficiency. This ratio is pre minded by considering all assets are equal liquidity. And the account receivables are more should be considered as liquidity than the stock. The sales can be considered when amount is received against the credits. Cash + Marketable Securities + Accounts Receivable (net) = Quick Ratio Current Liabilities 5505+62+13014/26147 = 0.71% Efficiency Ratios: Efficiency ratio shows the efficiency of the company to change their inventory, assets, receivables, sales or account payables. It helps company to find out the meetigants for short term and long term obligations. As it takes into account the principle that we can pay you when we are paid. FIRST EFFICIENCY RATIO The ratio includes the days sales outstanding calculation, which shows the cash and receivables are going to be occurred when. This is considered the test of the company’s efficiency, as it shows the conversion capacity of the company from receivables to cash. The calculation takes current receivables, total credit sales period and the number of day’s period into consideration for the formula. The formula for the same is Days outstanding = Current Receivables/Total Credit Sales X No. of Day =13014/24098*60 = 32.40 days Solvency Ratio: Solvency ratio refers to company’s capability to meet their long term obligations. It gives an idea for the investor whether to go for the investment in the company or not. The formula for this is Solvency Ratio = (After Tax Profits + Depreciation)/ (long term liabilities + Short term liabilities) =18760+2673/13791+9564 =9.18% Higher the ratio of solvency, higher company’s capacity to meet its long term obligations. Gearing Ratio: Gearing ratio compares the certain owner’s equity to borrowed funds, as it calculates leverage and shows the extent to which a company is funded with its own fund against creditors’. Higher the leverage ratio, more risk to the company. debt-to-equity ratio shows company’s equity against debt which shows company’s risk. The formula is : (total debt / total equity) =39938/46175= 0.85% The company has more equity than debt that means company is in the good position. How company can improve? Company is running so smoothly on the basis of financial statement we can say that company is creating a good amount of cash than it is needed to meet its debtors. The major problem since 2009 company is facing is the credit periods instability, it run through 50 to 200, for some of the debtors. So if it is in the control its better for the company. One other problem with the company is in the recession time, it has been heard first time from the company in its history that it layoff its staff. Because of recession, there was a drop of 0.5% sale of the company in last quarter and hence fore company decided that. So for re-improve the sale they might need some more funding as its more laptops are used now a days, they need to initiate some more upgraded technique than windows 7, of course it will capture a good market as new windows 7 is upcoming, but company need to take into consideration the computer users converting them to laptop users. Conclusion: As from above case, we can conclude that the ratio analysis is the tool for the company to measure its financial conditions against market and the competitors. It is always useful for the company to look at the change of the every small change as it’s a company which is changing probably every day the market updating and the situations. The Microsoft Corporation is the pioneer and it has achieved that stage from where to sustain and maintain that level, it need a good effort in the information technology to be at the same stage. As the competition is at the ear that it cannot be underestimated the potential of any new comer as the competitors like Intel and others are coming up with something new every day. Ratio analysis is handful tool for the company from company, investors and employee’s point of view as it gives the summary of the company’s operating ability, liquidity and profitability. The company like this has a niche area to check as it’s a well established company and do not need to check for a broad idea. But for the new coming firms, it is very much essential to keep a strong control over its ratios as it is the best the way to establish good reputation and development in the market in such a competitive era. References: http://www.microsoft.com/investor/reports/ar10/10k_fr_bal.html http://mbadox.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/fin_rat.pdf Managerial Economics And Financial Analysis By S. A. Siddiqu Financial Ratio Analysis: A Handy Guidebook Charles K. Vandyck Fundamentals of financial management By Eugene F. Brigham, Joel F. Houston http://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/gearingratio.asp http://www.scribd.com/doc/17318817/Financial-Ratio-Analysis-Formulas http://basiccollegeaccounting.com/table-summary-of-financial-accounting-ratio-analysis/ http://www.microsoft.com/investor/EarningsAndFinancials/Earnings/PressReleaseAndWebcast/FY11/Q1/default.aspx http://www.google.co.uk/images?hl=enbiw=1920bih=979gbv=2tbs=isch%3A1sa=1q=financial+ratio+analysis+imagesaq=faqi=aql=oq= How to cite A History of a Modern Empire: How Bill Gates Built Microsoft, Essay examples

Use of Marijuana As Medicine Essay Example For Students

Use of Marijuana As Medicine Essay Use of Marijuana As MedicineIf your every waking moment was consumed by pain and nausea, wouldntyou ask for medication? What if the only medication legally available wouldleave you unconscious or do nothing at all? If you were the one suffering, wouldyou resort to the only treatment that allowed you to live normally even thoughit was illegal? Thousands of people across the country are forced to break thelaw to ease their pain. They have chosen marijuana over anything legallyavailable because it has various medicinal properties that cannot be foundanywhere else. Due to these many unique medicinal uses, marijuana should bereclassified as a valid, legal form of treatment. We will write a custom essay on Use of Marijuana As Medicine specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Marijuana has many unique uses as a form of treatment. It has been usedeffectively to combat the nausea caused by chemotherapy, to reduce the internalpressure of the eyes of glaucoma patients, and to prevent the wasting syndromein AIDS and cancer patients (Marijuana for the Sick A10). As an alternative tousing actual marijuana, modern science has developed a synthetic form of THC,the active chemical in marijuana. However, this synthetic drug, called Marinol,is useless for most everyday treatment because it has the unpleasant side effectof being a powerful sedative. A member of Milwaukees AIDS community, said thata friend of his was taking Marinol to increase his appetite: He spends thewhole day laughing and watching moviesHe cant even drive a car because hesso out of it. (3/25/97) In addition to that, Marinol only comes in pill form,which makes it useless for patients taking it for nausea. Marijuana has neitherof those drawbacks. Because it is usually smoked, even the most nauseous p atientcan use it as well as easily regulate their intake (Medical Marijuana 23). Noprescription drug offers the benefits and potential of marijuana. Many people have testified to marijuanas validity as a unique form oftreatment. One of these, Robert Randall, one of only eight patients suppliedwith marijuana by the federal government, was diagnosed with acute glaucoma andtold that he would be blinded within five years (Brazaitis 1C). Randall discovered by accident that smoking marijuana relieved the internal pressure ofhis eyes (1C). After more than twenty years of smoking marijuana, Randall stillhas his vision, defying the predictions of his doctors (2C). Richard Brookhiser,a senior editor of the conservative National Review who has admitted to usingmarijuana to treat the nausea caused by chemotherapy, claims that if thatmoment comes to you, you will turn to marijuana. (Brookhiser 28) Rita Zweigfurther illustrates marijuanas effectiveness: If anything that is prescribedworked as well for me, she said, I wouldnt use marijuana. (Snider A1) Thesethree people represent thousands of sufferers across the country who usemarijuana as a f orm of treatment. Marijuana as a form of treatment has gained support from the medicalcommunity. Such prestigious medical publications as the New England MedicalJournal have come out in support of medicinal uses for marijuana (MilwaukeeJournal Sentinel 1/30/97 3A). In addition to that, a Harvard study showed thatnearly 44% of doctors who treat cancer patients in the American MedicalAssociation, a group officially opposed to marijuana, have actually recommendedmarijuana to ease the pain of their patients (Medical Marijuana 22). Evenwith this support, the federal government has refused any sort of clinicaltesting or reclassifying. Because of its medicinal value and the lack of an effective substitute,marijuana should be reclassified as a Schedule II drug instead of a Schedule Idrug, which would allow it for certain medical uses. Other illegal drugs such ascocaine and heroin are classified as Schedule II, even though they areconsidered habit forming and dangerous, where marijuana, classified as aSchedule I, has never caused a death or overdose and is not considered addictive. .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced , .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced .postImageUrl , .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced , .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced:hover , .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced:visited , .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced:active { border:0!important; } .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced:active , .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9d977bbb9fefeccaa529f3e0a76aeced:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Mexican National Flag and Crest Argumentative EssayThe federal government refuses to reclassify marijuana because there is noproof that smoked marijuana is the most effective available treatment foranything. (McCaffrey 27) There can be no proof until marijuana has been testedin a series of clinical trials. There can be no clinical testing of marijuanabecause the federal government will not allow them (Conant 26). Anyone who hasread the book Catch-22 will find this situation familiar. The government opponents of medicinal marijuana are against it forpolitical rather than practical reasons. Clinton, who suffered in the pollsafter he admitted to smoking pot, has taken a strong anti-drug stance to followin the popular vein of Reagan and Bushs war on drugs. Congress has taken astrong anti-drug stance, which could be viewed as another example of Congressdetachment from the people they represent, since 35 states have laws that allowmarijuana for medicinal use in certain circumstances. The newly passedreferendums in Arizona and California demonstrate popular support of these laws,and that they couldnt be passed through Californias legislature alsodemonstrates the representatives isolation from the voters. Federal law, whichbans marijuana for all uses, makes all these state laws illegal. This issuerepresents the power struggle between the state governments and the federalgovernment. The federal government has no constitutional right to ban drugs,especially not if it overr ides a state law. This issue has become more than justmarijuana for treatment of the sick, it has grown to include the federalgovernments desire to maintain its dominance over the state governments. Unfortunately, people whose morality and patriotism prevent them from usingmarijuana to treat their cancer, AIDS, glaucoma, or other illness pay the price. The other opponents of marijuana as a form of medical treatment havepresented several illogical arguments against it. Many opponents argue thatmarijuana is a gateway drug that often leads to harder drugs. This argument iseasily disproved by the fact that use of hard drugs in the Netherlands hasdecreased significantly since marijuana was legalized (Medical Marijuana 23)u. Parents are often worried that prescription marijuana will mean that more of itwill get into the hands of kids. Some of these parents have prescriptions forMorphine, Prozac, Zoloft, Dexedrine, or countless other mood-altering drugswhich they successfully keep out of their childrens hands. Marijuana should reclassified so its unique medicinal value can belegally utilized to treat patients. How long would the loudest opponent ofmedicinal marijuana live incapacitated by nausea or Marinol before he would turnto marijuana? Maybe opponents should spend a month or two in chemotherapy beforethey deny patients the most effective means of relief. Works CitedBrazaitis, Tom. The Illegal Wonder Drug. Plain Dealer 2 July. 1995:1C-2C. Journal backs medicinal use of marijuana. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel30 Jan. 1997: 3A. Marijuana for the Sick. New York Times 30 Dec. 1996: A10. Conant, Marcus. This Is Smart Medicine. Newsweek 3 Feb. 1997: 26. McCaffrey, Barry. Were on a Perilous Path. Newsweek 3 Feb. 1997: 27. Medical Marijuana. Issues and Controversies on File 10 Jan. 1997: 22-23. Brookhiser, Richard. Pot Luck. National Review 11 Nov. 1996: 27-28. Snider, Burr. Inside a Marijuana Pharmacy. San Francisco Examiner 3July. 1994: A1-A2.